Lake Toba, Indonesia

Lake Toba is a volcanic lake with a length of 100 km and 30 km wide, located in North Sumatra province, Indonesia. This lake is the largest lake in Indonesia and Southeast Asia. In the middle of this lake there is a volcanic island called Samosir Island.

Lake Toba has long been a major tourist destination in North Sumatra, Bukit Lawang, Berastagi and Nias, attract domestic and foreign tourists.

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Bunaken

It is estimated that Lake Toba was formed when the explosion about 73,000 to 75,000 years ago and is the eruption (super volcano) the most recent. Bill Rose and Craig Chesner of Michigan Technological University estimate that the total amount of material in the eruption about 2800 km3, about 2000 km3 of ignimbrite flows on the ground, and about 800 km3 of ash that falls as mainly the west. Pyroclastic flow eruption destroyed an area of 20 000 km2, with 600 m thick ash deposits with the main crater.

This incident caused the death and mass extinction of species of living beings. According to some DNA evidence, this eruption also reduced the number of people in about 60% of the total population of the man of the earth at the time, which is about 60 million people. The eruption also caused the ice age, although experts debate again. After the eruption, the caldera formed which is then filled with water and became what is now known as Lake Toba. Magma pressure is not released cause the appearance of the island.

Lake Toba to Samosir Island in the middle.
International multidisciplinary research team, led by Dr Michael Petraglia, revealed in a press conference in Oxford, the United States has found a new archaeological site that is quite spectacular by geologists in the southern and northern India . On the site it was revealed how people survive before and after volcanic eruptions (Toba supervolcano) 74,000 years ago, and evidence of life under the ashes of Mount Toba. Although the source of the rash is 3000 miles, the distribution of the ashes.

For seven years, the project experts from the University of Oxford research ecosystem in India, to search for evidence of life and equipment life they left behind in the arid desert. Area with thousands of hectares of savannah It was only (meadows). While the scattered bones of animals. The team concluded, large areas covered with dust that turns ancient volcanic eruptions.

The spread of volcanic dust was very spacious, found almost everywhere in the world. Derived from an ancient supervolcano eruption, namely Mount Toba. Son suspected in Mount Toba, as evidence of molecular forms of the same volcanic dust in the period since 2100. caldera crater that is now Lake Toba in Indonesia, 3,000 miles from the source of the eruption. In fact, surprisingly enough, he spread out dust must be registered to the North Pole. It reminds the experts, the power of the eruption of Toba super volcano at that time.

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Bunaken National Park, Indonesia

Bunaken National Park is a marine park in North Sulawesi, Indonesia. The park is located in the Coral Triangle, a habitat for 390 species of corals and different species of fish, molluscs, reptiles and marine mammals. Bunaken National Park is representative of Indonesian marine ecosystems, including seagrass beds, coral reefs and coastal ecosystems.

This national park was established in 1991 and covers an area of 890.65 km². 97% of the national park is a marine habitat, while the remaining 3% of the land consists of five islands: Bunaken, Manado Tua, Mantehage, Naen and Siladen.

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Toba

Bunaken National Park has a coral reef ecosystems are very rich. There are about 390 species of coral reefs in this region. The species of algae that can be found in the Bunaken National Park is Caulerpa, Halimeda and Padina, while the algal species that have been found are Thalassia hemprichii, Enhalus Enhallus and Thalassaodendron ciliatum. Bunaken National Park also has a variety of fish species, marine mammals, reptiles, birds, molluscs and mangroves. About 90 species of fish living in the waters of this region.

On the mainland, the island is rich in Arecaceae, sago, woka, Silar and coconut. In addition, the Bunaken National Park also has animal species that live on the mainland, such as deer and possum. Mangrove forest in the park is a habitat for crabs, lobsters, shellfish and sea birds.


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Mount Bromo, Indonesia

Mount Bromo (Sanskrit: Brahma, one of the main Hindu gods), the volcano is still active and most famous as a tourist attraction in East Java. As a tourist attraction, Mount Bromo become attractive because of its status volcano is still active.

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Prambanan Temple

Bromo has a height of 2392 meters above sea level it was in four areas, namely Probolinggo, Pasuruan, Lumajang and Malang. Mount Bromo shape mesh between valleys and canyons with the caldera or sea sand covering approximately 10 square km.

Mount Bromo has a crater with a diameter of ± 800 meters (north-south) and ± 600 meters (east-west). Although the danger area of a circle with a radius of 4 km from the crater of Bromo center.


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Prambanan Temple, Indonesia

Prambanan Temple or Temple of Loro Jonggrang is the largest Hindu temple complex in Indonesia, which was built in the 9th century BC. This temple is dedicated to Trimurti, the three main Hindu gods Brahma the creator god, the god Vishnu as a preservative and Shiva as the god of destruction. Based Shivagrha original inscription of the temple complex name is Siwagrha (Sanskrit meaning "Shiva house), and even in garbagriha (main hall) of the temple is a statue of Shiva Mahadeva three meters high which shows that in this temple Lord Shiva is preferred.

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BorobudurTemple, Indonesia

The temple is located in the Prambanan Prambanan district sub-district Sleman and Klaten, is about 17 kilometers north of Yogyakarta, 50 km southwest of Surakarta and 120 km south of Semarang, exactly on the border between the center Java and Yogyakarta. It is quite unique, the Prambanan temple is located in the administrative area town Bokoharjo, Prambanan, Sleman, while the entrance of the Prambanan temple complex located in the administrative region Tlogo town, Prambanan, Klaten.

This temple is including the site of UNESCO World Heritage, the largest Hindu temple in Indonesia, and one of the most beautiful temples in Southeast Asia. The architecture of the building is tall and thin shaped according to the Hindu architecture in general with the Shiva temple as the main temple reaches a height of 47 meters towering in the middle of the temple complex clusters are smaller. As one of the grandest temples in Southeast Asia, the temple of Prambanan the main attraction of tourist arrivals worldwide.

According Shivagrha registration, this temple was built around the year 850 AD by Rakai Pikatan, and continue to be developed and extended by Balitung Maha Sambu, in the kingdom of Mataram Medang.

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Borobudur Temple, Indonesia

Borobudur is a Buddhist temple in Borobudur, Magelang, Central Java, Indonesia. The location of the temple is located about 100 km southwest of Semarang, 86 km west of Surakarta, and 40 km northwest of Yogyakarta. Stupa temple was founded by the Mahayana Buddhists around the year 800 AD during the reign of the Sailendra dynasty. Borobudur is the largest Buddhist temple or shrine in the world, and one of the largest Buddhist monument in the world.

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Prambanan Temple

The monument comprises six square terraces where there are three circular courtyard, the walls are decorated with 2,672 relief panels and 504 Buddha statues are original. Borobudur has the most complete collection of Buddhist reliefs in the world. The main stupa is the largest in the middle teletak once crowned the building, surrounded by three rows of circular 72 perforated stupas in which there is a statue of Buddha sitting cross-legged in the lotus position perfectly with mudra (gesture hand) Dharmachakra mudra (turning the wheel of Dharma).

This monument is a model of the universe and built as a shrine to honor the Buddha also functions as a place of pilgrimage to lead humanity to switch to natural lust to enlightenment and wisdom, according to the teachings Buddha. The pilgrims enter through the east side begin the ritual in the temple grounds to walk this sacred building circling clockwise, while continuing to climb the stairs to another through three levels in the field of Buddhist cosmology. The third level is Kamadhatu (the domain of lust) Rupadhatu (tangible domain) and Arupadhatu (the formless realm). In this journey of pilgrims walking through a series of corridors and stairs with no less than 1,460 witnesses fine relief carved panels on the walls and railings.

According to historical evidence, Borobudur was abandoned in the 14th century that the weakening of the influence of Hindu and Buddhist kingdoms of Java so begins the influence of Islam. The world began to realize the existence of this building since its discovery in 1814 by Sir Stamford Raffles, who was then the British Governor General of Java. Since Borobudur has suffered a series of rescue and restoration efforts. The largest restoration project took place in the period from 1975 to 1982 for the efforts of the Government of the Republic of Indonesia and UNESCO, then this historic site in the list of World Heritage sites.

Borobudur is still used as a place of religious pilgrimage; Buddhists each year who come from all over Indonesia and abroad gather at Borobudur to commemorate Vesak Trisuci. In the world of tourism, tourism Borobudur Indonesia single most visited by tourists.

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Raja Ampat Islands, Indonesia

Raja Ampat is a series of four adjacent islands in the western part of the head of the bird (Vogelkoop) of New Guinea. Administratively, this group is in Raja Ampat, West Papua province. The islands are now a destination for divers who are interested in the beauty of the underwater landscape. The four islands that are members appointed by the four largest islands, namely Pulau Waigeo, Misool, Salawati, and Batanta island.

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Tana Toraja

Raja Ampat Islands is a place that has the potential to be used as a tourist attraction, especially diving tour. Raja Ampat Islands waters according to various sources, is one of the 10 best waters for diving in the world. In fact, it can also be recognized as the leader in the completeness of the flora and fauna underwater right now.

Dr. John Veron, coral experienced experts from Australia, for example, in a site, it is revealed, Raja Ampat Islands, located in the western end of the island of Papua, about 50 miles northwest of Sorong have the best coral regions in Indonesia. 450 coral species have been identified during the two weeks of research in this area.

A team of experts from Conservation International, The Nature Conservancy and the National Institute of Oceanography (LON) Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI) never carry out rapid assessments in 2001 and 2002. As a result, they are noted in these waters there are more than 540 types of hard corals (75% of all species in the world), more than 1,000 species of reef fish, 700 species of molluscs, and the highest record for crustaceans stomatopods gonodactyloid. It makes 75% of coral species on the planet are in Raja Ampat. No of places with the same area has a number of coral species as much as that.

There are some reefs are still very good condition with the percentage of live coral cover up to 90%, which is in the Dampier Strait (the strait between the island and the island Waigeo Batanta) Kofiau Islands, Misool archipelago South and Wayag islands. Types of coral reefs in Raja Ampat is generally fringing reef with ramps the steep contours. But also found the type of atoll and type of charred or taka. In some places such as the village Saondarek when the lowest tides, coral reefs can be seen without diving and with his own adaptation, corals are still alive despite being outdoors and exposed to direct sunlight.

Single species that can be found when diving is a kind of dwarf seahorse, wobbegongs, manta rays and fish. There is also a fish endemic to Raja Ampat, namely Eviota King, who is a kind of Gobbie fish. At Manta Point, which is located in Arborek Dampier Strait, you can dive with some manta rays are benign tail like when you dive in Derawan Islands, East Kalimantan. If diving in Cape Kri or Chicken Reef, you can be surrounded by thousands of fish. Sometimes a collection of tuna, giant trevally and snapper. But stressful if we are surrounded by a collection of barracuda, although it is relatively harmless (dangerous if we see lonely or alone barracuda). Reef sharks are also frequently observed, and if you are lucky you can also see the turtles were quietly eating sponge or swim around you. In some places, such as Salawati, Batanta and Waigeo also seen cow dugong or sea.

Because the area many islands and straits, then most of the dive at one time was a strong current. It is also possible to make a drift dive, diving, followed by a strong current of water is very clear as he escaped from fish.

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Tana Toraja, Indonesia

Tana Toraja is a district in South Sulawesi, the regents named Theophilus Allorerung. The capital of this district is Makale. Before the expansion, the district has an area of 3203 km² and a population of less than 221 inhabitants 0.081 (2.010).

Toraja tribe who inhabit the mountainous regions and maintain a distinctive lifestyle and still shows the lifestyle and culture of Austronesian origin similar to Nias. This area is one of the attractions in South Sulawesi.

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Raja Ampat Islands

Tana Toraja is a tourist attraction in Indonesia, owned by the Toraja tribe who inhabited the mountainous region and maintain a distinctive lifestyle and still shows the lifestyle and culture of Austronesian origin similar to Nias. This area is one of the attractions in South Sulawesi.

Buntu Kalando
Tongkonan / home Puang Sangalla '(King Sangalla') lives. As a place of rest Sangala Puang 'and also the palace where the royal government Sangalla manage "at the time, Tongkonan Andes Kalando entitled" tando Langi prisoners' lantangna Kaero tongkonan Layuk. "currently used as a museum Tongkonan Andes Kalando place meyimpan objects and relics of prehistoric kingdom Sangalla '.

Pallawa
Tongkonan Pallawa tongkonan or is a custom home very attractive and were among the bamboo trees on a hill. Tongkonan is decorated with a number of buffalo horns attached to the front of the custom house. Located about 12 km north of Rantepao.

Londa
Londa is steep rocks on the side of the tomb is typical of Tana Toraja. One of them is located in a high place of a hill with a cave in which the coffin-casket set according to the family line, an open left side of another hill overlooking the green expanse of scenery. Located about 5 miles south of Rantepao.

Kete Kesu
Dazzling object in this village as Tongkonan, attic and surrounding buildings megaliths. At about 100 meters behind the village there are cliffs with landfills dependent cemetery and tau-tau in a stone building that has been given the fence. Tau-tau shows the appearance of the owner per day. This regulation is also known for carving skills possessed by the population as well as a great place to buy souvenirs. Located about 4 miles southeast of Rantepao.

Pierre Tumonga
In this area you can find around 56 stone menhirs in a circle with four trees in the middle. Most menhir stone has a height of about 2-3 meters. From here you can see the beauty of Rantepao and the surrounding valley. Located in an area at an altitude of 1300 meters Sesean level of the sea.

Lemo
The place is often referred to as the house of the spirits. During the funeral Lemo we can see that weighs corpse stored in the open air, amid the crags. This cemetery is a mixture of death, art and ritual. At times, clothing bodies will be replaced by a ceremony Ma 'Nene.

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Komodo Island, Indonesia

Komodo Island is an island located in the Nusa Tenggara islands. Komodo Island is known as a habitat for native animals dragons. The island is also the Komodo National Park which is managed by the central government. Komodo Island is located east of the island of Sumbawa, which are separated by the Straits of Sape.

Administratively, the island including the District of Komodo, West Manggarai regency, East Nusa Tenggara Province, Indonesia. Komodo Island is the western end of the province of East Nusa Tenggara, bordering the province of West Nusa Tenggara.

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Bali Island

On the island of Komodo dragons animals live and breed well. Until August 2009, on the island there are about 1,300 individuals dragons. Coupled with the other islands, like the island of Rinca and Gili Motang, their number is about 2500 tails. There are also about 100 individuals in the Nature Reserve Wuul Wae dragons on the mainland island of Flores, but not including the Komodo National Park.

Besides Komodo, this island also store a variety of exotic flora Sepang wood used by local people as medicine and dye clothes, nitak bulb tree Sterculia believe are useful as drugs and tasty and good seeds like peas.

Komodo Island is also accepted as a UNESCO World Heritage Site, as in the Komodo National Park, with the island of Rinca, Padar and Gili Mota

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Bali, Island of the Gods

Bali is the name of one of the provinces in Indonesia and also the name of the largest island that is part of the province. Also consists of the island of Bali, Bali province also consists of small islands in the vicinity, namely the island of Nusa Penida, Nusa Lembongan Island, the island and the island Serangan Ceningan.

Bali lies between Java and Lombok. Denpasar is the provincial capital of which is located in the southern part of the island. The majority of Balinese are Hindus. In the world famous Bali as a tourist destination with a unique variety of art-culture, especially for tourists from Japan and Australia. Bali is also known as the Island of the Gods and the island of thousand temples.

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Komodo Island
The population of Bali is about 4 million more, with a majority of 84.5% of Hinduism. Other religions are Buddhism (0.5%), Islam (13.3%), Protestants and Catholics (1.7%). Islam is the largest religion of the minority to Bali with membership has now reached 13.3% based on the last census in January 2014.

Besides tourism, the Balinese also live on agriculture and fisheries, including the world of agriculture in Bali is the Subak system. Some also choose to be an artist. The language used in Bali is Indonesian, Balinese and the United Kingdom in particular for those working in the tourism sector.

Balinese and Indonesian are the most widely used language in Bali and Indonesia as well as other residents, the majority of Balinese people are bilingual or even trilingual. Although there are many dialects in the language of Bali, the Balinese generally use some form of association as a Balinese language option in communication. Traditionally, the use of various dialects of Bali is determined by the color system failures in Hindu Dharma and clan affiliation (term Bali soroh, gotra) Although the implementation of these traditions tend to decrease. In some places in Bali, Java has a number of users.

English is the third language (and the first foreign language) of many Balinese people are influenced by the tourism industry needs. Employees working in the tourist information centers in Bali, often also understand some of the foreign language with sufficient expertise. The education of the Japanese language is also a priority in Bali.

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